Guava Farming in India: A Complete Guide for Beginners

In India, Guava farming is the most prominent yield among the fruit’s cultivation. In 2023, India has produced 5.59 metric ton guava and the cultivation area was about 359 thousand hectares. The cultivation of guava is very affordable for the farmers due to its low consumption of water and fertilizer. The most interesting part is that farmers can plant the guava tree in any season with guava being a kind of fruit which can bloom four times in a year. Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, and Karnataka are the major contributors to guava production. As guava farming got speed, there are multiple kind of hybrid seeds came into the market with low investment and high-profit plans. Let’s we know about the guava farming process in detail.

Plantation Process of Guava Farming

1. Selection of land – For the cultivation of guava on a large scale, first we should select a fertile land, where the availability of water and sun can be reached easily. Fertile soil helps the plant to grow swiftly, the optimum pH range of soil is 5-7 which is ideal for the plantation of guava. The suitable month for cultivation of guava is June and August due to rainy season. Notably, farmers should avoid heavy clay soils that often contain excessive moisture.
2. Types of seed – The varieties of seed are divided in two groups, first is red flesh types which includes Red fleshed, Banarasi Surkha, and lalit and the second is white fleshed types which include Allahabad Safeda, Lucknow-49. The selection of the right seed can boost your business’s profitability and also help the seed to come out of the soil. Although, nowadays farmers are using hybrid seeds for quick profit.
3. Weather for plantation – As we know for any kind of plantation, mid of rainy season is most time suitable, and farmers should follow the same. Guava can be also successfully grown under the moderate climate, which is ideal for cultivation and growth. The ideal temperature for guava farming is between 25°C to 32°C. However, even though it can tolerate higher temperatures but keep in mind that the temperature should not exceed 38°C.
4. Uses of fertilizer – Guava is known for its abundant nutrients and to maintain this, farmer should use pesticides and fertilizers time to time to protect the flower and the fruit from harmful insects. For feeding fertilizer to the tree, scatter the fertilizer in equal quantities on the ground. after that spread a minimum amount of water on the ground. Additionally, spread the pesticides on the leaves and branches of the tree with the help of a sprayer machine. Urea and Zinc Sulphate are most popular fertilizer which is used in guava farming.
5. Harvesting of Guava – Initially guava tree starts bearing fruits in 2 to 3 years in a minimum volume but after 4 to 5 years it starts bearing in a huge quantity. Once you plant the guava tree, it will give you profit for a long time due to its life span which is 40 years. During plucking the guavas, farmers should keep attention for blemishes and spots, happens due to direct fall on the ground. After the packaging, the guava is ready for supply in different cities and states.

Conclusion

Guava farming in India is very important, due to its low investment cultivation process. By following the proper cultivation process and practices, farmers can increase their profit. Guava farming is not just a cultivation, it’s a way to secure your business. In addition, interested farmers can also get benefits from their state government.